Geopolitics of Mobility; Migration, Labor, and Human Rights in the 21st century

Abstract

This text examines how the historical patterns of reorganization within the capitalist world-system, marked by the displacement of the hegemonic center and financial expansion, have generated profound transformations in labor mobility and in the production of vulnerable populations. The hypothesis of the study argues that the current geopolitical reconfiguration, characterized by growing rivalry among major powers, the dominance of financial logic, and the strengthening of securitarian border policies, is intensifying dynamics of exclusion and exploitation that particularly affect migrants, weakening their rights and deepening their precariousness. The aim of the text is to analyze, from a historical and critical perspective, how contemporary migratory movements reflect the global crisis of the twenty-first century through new forms of control, segmentation, and violations of mobile labor. The findings show that these policies are not isolated phenomena but structural manifestations of an unequal international order.